TRANSCAD教程2:The Miasma Beach Transportation Model
2012-10-23 10:39:48 来源:tranbbs 作者:佚名 评论:0 点击:
The Miasma Beach Transportation Model
There are six Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZs) in Miasma Beach, and two external stations. Zones 1 and 2 are in the Central Business District (CBD), zone 3 is an urban residential area neighboring zone 4, zone 4 is a major commercial and industrial area about two miles east of the CBD, and zones 5 and 6 are suburban residential zones located about five miles east of the CBD. Zones 7 and 8 are External Stations representing the eastern and western extremes of Coast Highway, the arterial which traverses the southern border of the City along the beach.
The initial transportation network for the city comprises a grid of secondary-classified major arterials and a single primary arterial (Coast Highway). The six TAZs are attached by single 0.25 mile centroid connectors. Facility operating characteristics are detailed in Table 1.
+---------------------------------------------------------------+ | ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ Miasma Mountains ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ | + N | | 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th W+E| | Str Str Str Str Str S | | | + 1-+----+-------+---------------+----+-5 Mountain | | | | | Avenue | | CBD |1 mi | 4 Urb.Res. | | | | | | | Suburbs | + 2-+----+-------+---+---+-------+-------+----+-6 Miasma | | | | | Blvd | | |1 mi 3-+ Comm/Ind | | | | | | | + 8----+---------------+---------------+----7 Coast | | 0.5 2.0 2 mi 0.5 Highway | | | | Ext.Station Ocean Beaches Ext.Station | + | +---+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+---+ Figure 1. City of Miasma Beach Network Schematic [Spring 2004] Table 1. Miasma Beach Speed-Capacity Table ----------------------------------------------------------------- Link Type Speed Lanes Capacity/Lane ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Freeway 60 2 1800 3. Primary Arterial 45 2 900 4. Secondary Arterial 30 1 600 5. Local Street 15 1 300 8. Ramp 30 1 600 9. Centroid Connector 25 9 1000 -----------------------------------------------------------------
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Task 1. VALIDATE 2004 BASE YEAR NETWORK
You are provided with two sets of TransCAD files, mb2004.* and Taz.*. The first, mb2004, contains the GIS layer of the coded transportation network; the second, Taz, contains the Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZ) layer and activity system data (demographics and trip ends). The first task is to create a map file in TransCAD and to validate the zone system and network structure.
GIS Concepts
Why are there so many files with the same file names, mb2004 and Taz?
To efficiently manage information pertaining to a layer, a GIS usually divides the information into different files. It takes all the files with the name of mb2004 to generate the Miasma Beach network in TransCAD. If you want to work from a different directory or computer, you must copy the entire set of files.
1.1 Create Base Miasma Map
Construct the TransCAD "map" file which contains the GIS data for the Base Year 2004 Transportation System T and the Activity System A.
1.1.1 Open a Geographic File
Go to File / Open. On the File Open dialog box, select the drive and directory where you store your files (mb2004.* and Taz.*). Select Geographic File under the List Files of Type. You should see MB2004.DBD and TAZ.DBD in the file box. Select MB2004.DBD and click OK.
You should now see a "stick" network in front of you. The network does not contain end points and intersecting points. To see them, go to Map / Layers. On the Layers dialog box, under Layers in Order of Display, select Nodes (it is hidden now) and click the Show Layer button. Close this dialog box.
Exercises:
Change color and style of the streets
Hide streets
Label each street with its name (Hint: All you need is the Layers dialog Box)
1.1.2 Add Another Layer
Go to Map / Layer again. Click the Add Layer button. On the File Open box, open the Geographic File of TAZ.DBD. You should now see the TAZ layer being added to your map but some parts of the TAZ layer seem to be displayed outside of the window. Go to Map / Scale. On the Map Scale dialog box, select Show the Entire Layer of TAZ and Selection Set All Features.
GIS Concepts
Working Layer (or Current Layer)
When you have more than one layers in your map, there is always one layer designated as the Working Layer (or Current Layer). All the manipulations on the map (such as labeling or querying) apply to the working layer only.
Exercises:
Ask TransCAD to draw TAZs before the Highway/Streets network.
(Hint: Move Up and Move Down in the Layers dialog Box)Ask TransCAD to drop the streets from the map and add it back again
(Hint: Drop Layer and Add Layer in the Layers dialog Box)Label each TAZ with its ID and street with its name
(Hint: switch the Working Layer between Highways/Streets and TAZ and label each layer)
Examine the Map
Examine the map and compare it with Figure 1. Familiarize yourself with this map and the characteristics of the various link, node, and zone attributes.
1.1.3 Save the Map
After you set up the display of the map to the way you want (which should be labeled properly), go to [Page]File / Save As. On the Save As dialog Box, select the drive and directory where you store your files. Select Map File under the List Files of Type. Type in MB2004 under File Name for your map and click OK.
GIS Concepts
What is a *.map file?
A *.map file contains information about the settings of the map such as, what layers are in the map, the color and style of each layer, texts, labels, and freehand items (markers) on top of the map, and the scale of the map. It is important to know that the *.map file itself does not contain databases of the layers. It only tells TransCAD where are the databases and how to display them. Without the geographic files, the map file alone can not generate maps.
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