de their services. However, federal policy changes have introduced uncertainty into the public subsidy picture. In 1998, Congress passed TEA-21 which eliminated federal operating assistance to agencies in [Page]
U.S. urbanized areas with populations of 200,000 or more persons. This policy change came at the end of a more than decade-long decline in the share of federal operating support for agencies in larger urban areas. This article examines how agencies in different parts of the country and in different sized urban areas have responded to federal policy changes by posing a simple question: Where have agencies turned to make up the operating fund shortfall? The investigation reveals that agencies in different parts of the country have followed different financial paths.
Keeping Up with the Joneses: Planning for Transit in Decentralizing Regions. In Print at Journal of the American Planning Association
The increasingly dispersed travel patterns in contemporary American urban areas raise questions about appropriate policy for fixed route transit, particularly rail transit. Some argue that fixed transit routes should serve only regional CBDs and adjoining inner city neighborhoods; others argue that fixed routes should be reconfigured as networks to serve many regional destinations. The paper evaluate these two positions with an examination of transit performance indicators in nine urban regions tabulated f
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